What is a Pterygium?

A pterygium is an elevated fleshy growth on the surface of the eye, often appearing as a raised, wedge-shaped bump on the white part (sclera) of the eye or on the conjunctiva (mucous membrane that covers the white part of your eye.) It can be pink or yellow in colour and extends from the inner corner of the eye towards the centre. While it’s usually harmless, a pterygium can cause irritation, redness, and the feeling of a foreign body in your eye. It’s commonly associated with prolonged exposure to sunlight, dust, wind, or dry conditions, making it more prevalent in individuals exposed to sunny or windy environments.

The development of a pterygium is linked to excessive UV exposure. Over time, the growth may enlarge and affect vision if it grows onto the cornea, the clear front part of the eye. Although not always a cause for immediate concern, a pterygium that causes discomfort or significantly impacts vision may require medical attention.

Treatment options range from lubricating eye drops to surgical removal, especially if the growth interferes with sight or causes persistent irritation. Regular use of sunglasses and taking measures to protect the eyes from harsh environmental conditions can help prevent the development or recurrence of pterygiums.